| + | The Bovis-scale is used on a basis of undefined or cloudy words like "life-energy", "astralic" or "vitality". Furthermore, known scientific terms (energy, radiation, measurement) are used, but their meaning is not disclosed, sign for pseudoscience. There is no definition given for the "Bovis-units" and there are no known detecting or calibrating instruments for the claimed "subtle energies". Effects deduced from pendulum movements are known to be influenced from the Carpenter-effect. |